Enviro News Asia, Bonn — A record 37 countries presented their first Biennial Transparency Reports (BTRs) during the third session of the Facilitative Multilateral Consideration of Progress (FMCP3), held at the June Climate Meetings (SB64) in Bonn, marking the highest level of participation since the transparency process was established under the Paris Agreement.
Held from June 10 to 13, the four-session meeting enabled countries to report on progress in implementing their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), including achievements in greenhouse gas mitigation, climate adaptation, and support provided to developing countries. The dialogue-based mechanism is designed to foster mutual learning, strengthen trust, and enhance accountability among Parties.
The strong participation of ministers and senior government officials highlighted the increasing political importance of transparency as a cornerstone of the Paris Agreement’s implementation framework.
In a statement delivered on behalf of Brazil, COP30 President André Corrêa do Lago emphasized that transparency is fundamental to effective climate action.
“Transparency is indispensable to implementation. Without transparency, there can be no credible way of assessing whether we are delivering on the commitments we have made, learning from best practices, and correcting courses where needed,” he said, adding that the FMCP strengthens both transparency and the credibility of the UN climate process by making national progress more visible and understandable.
Australia, which will host COP31, also highlighted its domestic climate achievements during the session. Australia’s Minister for Climate Change and Energy, Chris Bowen, serving as President of the COP31 negotiations, said the country has doubled the share of renewable energy in its electricity system over the past six years and is on track to increase renewable electricity generation to 82 percent by 2030.
Bowen also noted that one in three Australian households now generates electricity through rooftop solar systems, while approximately 1,200 household battery systems are being installed each day to accelerate the country’s clean energy transition.
Countries participating in FMCP3 represented every continent. The sessions featured presentations from Australia, Azerbaijan, Brazil, Türkiye, Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Ireland, Canada, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, New Zealand, Norway, Singapore, Thailand, the United Kingdom, Argentina, Chile, Costa Rica, Ecuador, France, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Mexico, Sweden, Uruguay, Bhutan, China, Georgia, Ghana, Kenya, Maldives, Mauritius, and Uzbekistan.
The discussions reflected strong interest in exchanging experiences. Twenty-five Parties submitted a total of 148 questions to the presenting countries. Approximately half of the questions focused on implementing mitigation policies and Nationally Determined Contributions, while others addressed institutional arrangements for the Enhanced Transparency Framework (ETF), climate finance, technology transfer, and carbon market mechanisms.
Formal presentations were complemented by informal dialogue sessions consisting of 14 rounds of five-minute exchanges, allowing delegates to engage directly with counterparts and share practical experiences in a more interactive setting.
As the largest FMCP session to date, FMCP3 demonstrated growing international momentum to strengthen climate transparency, improve accountability, and support implementation of the Paris Agreement. The fourth session (FMCP4) is scheduled to take place during COP31 in Antalya, Türkiye, where approximately 40 additional Parties are expected to present their climate progress. (*)
